Romanticism arises in the nineteenth century, together with neoclassicism, but both are two fully established artistic movements since the first is based on emotion and the second on reason. We tell you and show you which are the most important painters of romanticism.
In this article you are going to meet one of the most famous Spanish painters in history, just as you are going to be able to discover very famous international works, rediscover some well-known artists and unite famous works with their authors.
Francesco Hayes
Francesco Hayez was an Italian painter who earned the label of being the greatest exponent of historical romanticism. Since he was a child he showed signs of having a talent for art, so his uncle -Giovanni Binasco- who was an art dealer, among other things, put him under the tutelage of a restorer from an early age so that he could learn said trade.
Some data that may be interesting to you to know this author is that he was a disciple of artists such as Francisco Magiotto, Canova and Theodore Matteini. He came to direct the Brera Academy of Fine Arts in Milan and it is difficult to make a correct list of his works since the dates did not specify whether it was the time of the creation of the painting or its donation. In addition, he was an author who painted the same themes several times, sometimes with some variation and other times the same.
some of his more important works They are: The Kiss (1859), Pietro Rossi Employed by the Scaligeri (1819), The Sicilian Evenings (1822), The Council of Vengeance (1851), Destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem (1867), Portrait of Marin Faliero (1867) , Vase of Flowers Above a Harem Window (1881).
George Stubbs
George Stubbs was an English painter who stood out for his great precision when painting horses.
There is not much information about his childhood or adolescence, but it is known that he was apprenticed to the Lancashire painter and engraver named Hamlet Winstanley. He was under his teaching for a short time because he did not like having to copy other works, so he began a self-taught apprenticeship. He came to work as a portrait painter and also increased his childhood interest in human anatomy, leading him to study the subject at the York County Hospital. In this regard, he published illustrations for a gynecology textbook that are preserved today.
Later came his desire to learn more about the horse anatomy, which led him to dissect them for 18 months and create an illustration book on the subject. His quality in drawing made the aristocracy notice him, which led him to paint pictures for dukes and other gentlemen of high society.
some of his most important paintings they are Whistlejacket (a rearing horse that stands out not only for the quality of the drawing, but also for the lack of a nondescript background), Horse attacked by a lion, A comparative anatomical exposition of the structure of the human body with that of a tiger and a common fowl (a comparative anatomical exposition of the structure of the human body with that of a tiger and a fowl).
Francisco de Goya
Francisco de Goya, Spanish painter and engraver, is one of the most important artists in the national territory and is considered one of the most outstanding teachers in the history of art. In all facets he stood out, both in engraving, as in easel painting or drawing, developing a style that was the opening to Romanticism, contemporary painting and is also considered the forerunner of the pictorial avant-gardes of the 20th century.
Initially he painted under the influence of the style late baroquelater the neoclassicism that he brings back from his trip to Italy and then a rococo costumbrist picturesqueness. Years later he becomes seriously ill and begins to paint in a more creative way, which begins its transition to the romantic style.
All this converges with a historical moment of war, specifically the War of Independence, and Goya recounts in his works the atrocities committed, turning his works into a window into history both nationally and internationally. In this context, two large paintings that he painted after the events of the May Day uprising of 1808is not only a vision of its reality but also becomes a message to the world, while setting a precedent at an aesthetic and thematic level.
some of his most famous works They are the Naked Maja (1800; caused controversy due to the identity of the woman portrayed), Saturn devouring one of his children (1819 – 1823), Carlos IV of Spain and his family (1800), The adoration of the name of the Lord ( 1772), Mala Noche (1799), The Straw Mannequin (1791 – 1792), Execution of the defenders of Madrid, May 3, 1808 (1814). One of the most outstanding series is the Black Paintings, they are oil paintings on drywall that anticipated contemporary painting of the 20th century.
Caspar David Friedrich
Caspar David Friedrich was a German Romantic landscape painter and is considered the most important artist of his generation in Germany.
His works are considered as an attempt at a subjective and emotional response to nature, generating in the viewer a look towards a dimension metaphysics. In this way, we find in his works different figures that contemplate different scenes of nature (the sky, trees, fog, among others) and that have their backs to the viewer, so we also end up observing the scene that they have in front of them. they.
Very soon his name was linked to a great fame in the art world, could show an overwhelming stillness in his works that invited contemplation, but in his last years of life they were no longer appreciated, since a modernization arose in all areas that had little to do with his artistic expression. Later, in the 20th century, his works were rediscovered again and in different decades he returned the clamor for his painting and he was taken as a teacher and inspiration for multiple artists.
one of his best known works en The walker above the sea of clouds (1818), although do not lose sight of works such as White Cliffs in Rügen (1818), Woman leaning out of the window (1822), Abbey in the oak grove (1809), Monk by the sea , Easter Morning (1828 – 1835).