Previously we were working on paleolithic periodin which the societies characterized by a way of life based on hunt and the harvest. We saw “when and where” these men lived; and also “how they lived”. Now we find ourselves in a new stage of the prehistorythe period Neolithic. The man becomes a farmer, and from this very radical changes will take place in the history of mankind.
Illustration representing women working in the farming
Temporary location
It is considered that the beginnings of farming were around 10,000 BC At that time, a great climate change on earth. It was the end of the glaciation: retreat of the ice, increase in temperature and rise in the level of seas and oceans.
The historical period which is associated with the first farmers’ societies is he “Neolithic”. East period begins around 8,000 BC and runs until 3,000 BC (when the prehistory).
Spacial location
The transition from hunt Y harvest to the way of life based on farming and the cattle raising it was produced independently in different parts of the world.
Fertile Crescent Map
It started in the Near Eastin the regions of: Mesopotamia from the rivers Euphrates Y Tigers (Iraq), I raised (The Libano, Israel, Syria), Anatolian (Turkey Y Armenia) and the Valley of Nile river (Egypt). This region is calledFertile Crescent” because of its shape.
Here there were ideal climatic conditions for the growth of the cereals. The area was crossed by important rivers that provided the necessary water for the new activities.
The farming and the animal husbandry later emerged in China, India, Europe Y America.
Already located in time and space, let’s see in our next article how this great change in the history of humanity occurs: the invention of agriculture.
Sources:
ES 1, Social Sciences, in: portal abc
Universal History 1. Prehistory and early civilizations. Barcelona, publisher Sol 90, 2004.
Images:
Illustration representing women working in agriculturein Google
Fertile Crescent map on Wikipedia
Wheat spikesin Google