Also known as the Plan of the Three Guarantees or Plan of the Independence of Northern America, it was a document proclaimed on February 24, 1824 by the Creole soldier Agustín de Iturbide from the city of Iguala, Mexico. In this post you will know the Plan of Iguala, origin, proposals and consequences.
It was a process carried out during the Independence of Mexico that had already been attempted for many years. Therefore, the plan developed by Iturbide was intended to put an end to that long war that had already claimed many lives.
Plan of Iguala: origin
Agustín Iturbide fought for a long time with Vicente Guerrero, an insurgent leader. Since he failed to defeat him, he agreed with him adopting the cause of independence. This alliance managed to put an end to the war that they had been waging for 10 years and achieved the triumph of the independence movement.
Was the February 24, 1821 when Iturbide announced the Plan of Igualathus declaring the Independence of what was previously called North America (Mexico). After said declaration of independence, the Mexican Empire would emerge. Finally, the Independence of Mexico would emerge after Iturbide entered Mexico City, on September 27, 1821.
Plan of Iguala: proposals
The main proposal of the Iguala Plan was that the country was ruled by a European monarchbut with a independent mexico. When this document was signed, both the Mexican military and the Church maintained their basic powers. In addition, in a similar way were the rights of the Creoles and the peninsular.
The document reflected the Conservative Party principles, unlike other independence movements in other South American countries, which used liberal principles, such as Colombia and Venezuela. By this plan, harmed the lower classes. Mexico became the only Latin American country that wanted to be represented by a European monarch, even if it was independent from the Spanish Crown.
The 4 main proposals were the following:
- Independence of Mexico from the Spanish regime.
- Maintain the monarchy of Fernando VII, or any of the members of the Spanish Crown.
- The Catholic religion would be the only religion that would prevail.
- Establish social equality for all individuals: Spanish, American, Asian or African.
Plan of Iguala: consequences
The main consequences of the Plan of Iguala were the following:
- Attempted reconquest: Despite the agreement of 1821, in which Mexico would be a free country, in 1822 it was established that the document was invalid. This led to attempted reconquests, but none were successful.
- The first Mexican Empire arises: The initial agreement said that Mexico should be governed by a European monarch, Iturbide moved political pieces to be the first mexican emperorachieving it.
- The TSanta María-Calatrava ratatoy: It was signed on December 28, 1836 and in it the Spanish Crown recognized Mexico as an independent country.
The characters that had the greatest relevance in the Plan of Iguala were:
- Agustín de Iturbide (1783 – 1824): General to whom the independence of the Mexican people is attributed.
- Vicente Guerrero (1782 – 1831): Insurgent leader, with whom Iturbide agreed to a truce to end the civil war and ally himself.
Learn more about the Independence of Mexico, such as the Hidalgo campaign: