We explain what norms are, why they are so important for life in society and what their general characteristics are.
What are the rules?
Norms are rules or expectations of behavior that are established by society to achieve harmonious coexistence and that can vary according to each culture.
They are a guide to recognize acceptable behavior in a given area, so vary according to contextFor example, the rules of an organization, an educational institution or a church. The term norm comes from the Latin “norma” which means mandate, prescription or order.
The social unit that shares norms may be a small group, such as family or friends, or may include numerous members, such as adherents of a religious doctrine or an entire society.
Conflict is normal in any group, so it is necessary to maintain order and balance. The rules regulate individual and group behavior through standards or patterns of behavior, from clothing to ethical values.
See also: Regulations
Characteristics of the standards
The standards are characterized by:
- Being rules aimed at carrying out an action, they are not conceptual abstractions.
- Involve a more specific action than a value or ideal.
- Determine the rights and obligations of citizens.
- Be universal, since no society can function without the incorporation of standards.
- Be internalized by individuals through the process of socialization.
- Be relative, since they vary from one culture to another.
- Vary depending on the season.
- Guide on how human behavior should be.
- It should be a duty, not an obligation. Failure to do so may result in social rejection and guilt.
- Be based on ethics and morals.
Types of standards
The main types of rules depending on the context are:
- Social norms. Expectations that regulate and guide life in society about what to believe, how to behave, and how to interact with others. For example, popular customs and folklore.
- Moral standards. Value-based rules about what is right and wrong to maintain human dignity. For example, honesty or taboos.
- Legal norms. Regulations that vary according to the legislation of each company and non-compliance entails legal sanctions and penalties. They are written in legal documents and are imposed by the executive or legislative branch. For example, laws and decrees.
- Family rules. Rules of behavior for children according to the values expressed by the family. They give a sense of belonging and are a parameter for individuals to function appropriately in society.
- Religious norms. Rules of conduct according to each doctrine that govern the members of each creed. They are usually written in sacred books. For example, the Ten Commandments of the Catholic Church.
- Language rules. Set of rules that establish and allow recognition of a given language, for its correct semantic and phonetic expression.