Countries and capitals of Europe: complete and updated list

We show you the countries and capitals of Europe, with a complete list and maps. In addition, their regions and the member countries of the European Union.

Europe covers only 2% of the Earth’s surface and is home to 10% of the world’s population.

What are the countries and capitals of Europe?

The determination of the number of countries in Europe depends on the geographical and political criteria used. As there is no defined continental boundary with Asia, there are criteria that include certain countries as part of Europe and others not. There are even countries like Türkiye, Russia or Azerbaijan that have territory on both continents.

In addition, there are states that have limited international recognition, so that some lists include them as part of the European countries and others do not. This is the case of the Vatican or Monaco, which are territories with special status.

A standard list of European nations is as follows:

Europe map

Regions of Europe

The division into regions responds to geographical, ethnic, political and cultural criteria.

The European continent is organized into five large regions, according to geographical, ethnic, political and cultural criteria. These regions are:

• Western Europe. Includes countries such as France, the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal.
• Northern Europe. It includes countries such as Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland and Finland.
• Central Europe. It includes countries such as Germany, Austria, Poland, the Czech Republic and Switzerland.
• South Europe. It includes countries such as Italy, Greece, North Macedonia, Croatia and Montenegro.
• Eastern Europe. It includes countries such as Ukraine, Russia, Romania or Bulgaria.

Member countries of the European Union

Only 27 countries that are geographically located in Europe are part of the European UnionOne of the most important aspects of the European Union is the single market, which allows the free movement of goods, services, people and capital between member countries.

Besides, The European Union has adopted a common currency, the Euro, which is used by the majority of the States that comprise it. However, some countries such as Poland or Denmark continue to use their local currency.

The member countries of the European Union are:

GermanySpainLithuaniaAustriaEstoniaLuxembourgBelgiumFinlandMaltaBulgariaFranceNetherlandsCyprusGreecePolandCroatiaHungaryPortugalDenmarkIrelandCzech RepublicSlovakiaItalyRomaniaSloveniaLatviaSweden

Eurasian countries

Eurasian countries are those that have territory in Europe and Asia, or that are located in regions where the delimitation between both continents is not entirely clear. The inclusion of a country in this category depends on how the division between Europe and Asia is defined, which varies according to different geographical, political, cultural and historical criteria.