20 Hypothesis Examples

A hypothesis It is an idea that is proposed to explain a certain phenomenon or situation and that one tries to verify or reject through experimentation or other methods. For example: School dropout is the product of bad public policies.

The hypothesis is one of the first steps of the scientific method and is the axis on which the entire investigative process is directed. After investigating, the researcher poses questions and then develops a hypothesis that is understood as the possible explanation for the questions posed.

The hypotheses are formulated based on data or information that the scientist has after an exhaustive investigation that allows him to assume relationships between variables. These hypotheses are then verified or refuted from the data provided by the experimentation.

In addition, hypotheses are formulated by individuals on a day-to-day basis to assume or give an estimated or indicative answer about something. In other words, any conjecture is known as a hypothesis (regardless of whether the verification was of an investigative or experimental nature), since any statement made on the basis of a situation of which there are no certainties is a hypothetical statement. Then this hypothesis can be verified by direct observation or based on information obtained or experimentation.

Characteristics of the hypothesis

Some characteristics of the hypotheses are:

  • They are statements without verification. Information is missing or experimentation is necessary.
  • They can be proven or disproved. They will be verified to the extent that the above is fulfilled. Within scientific research, a hypothesis will become scientific knowledge if it can be generalized for all times and places.
  • They are made from information or data obtained. The hypotheses are raised and formulated once the variables have been observed and analyzed and a possible conclusion is reached.
  • They are formulated in a positive and simple way. Hypotheses are simple statements that relate variables or establish causes and consequences.
  • Establish a possible relationship between two elements. Hypotheses can also explain something that happens to one element from something that happens to another.
  • be plausible. The sequence of experiments or hypothesis testing cannot produce a relationship that is not actually true.
  • Cover a portion of the universe. Hypotheses must be specific and objective.
  • be verifiable. Hypotheses can be verified or rejected by direct observation (in the case of hypotheses that lack scientific support) or by experimentation.

Types of research hypotheses

Research hypotheses are those that study two or more variables and are usually supported by scientific research. They may be:

  • causal hypotheses. When the variables have a causal relationship with each other. For example: The egg was not cooked because the water was cold.
  • relational hypothesis. When the variables have some kind of relationship with each other. For example: California’s climate is warmer than Oregon’s.
  • descriptive hypotheses. When they describe a variable or situation. For example: The students of this institution are all men.
  • null hypotheses. When they do not assume any relationship between the variables studied. For example: There is no relationship between the winds this morning and the rain at noon.

Steps to formulate a scientific hypothesis

  • Define the topic in detail. For this, information must be gathered and research on the topic of interest.
  • Develop a research question. The information gathered will throw a question or question to be resolved.
  • Investigate possible answers to the question. In this step, all the variables must be taken into account and the idea that is the most probable explanation must be chosen.
  • formulate the hypothesis. The hypothesis must be established and its scope determined so that it can then be subjected to an analysis or experimentation that determines the validity or not of the exposed hypothesis.

Examples of scientific hypotheses

  1. Tobacco use in early adolescence is four times more harmful than in adulthood.
  2. Societies with less social conflict are, at the same time, societies with a greater tendency to commit suicide and depression.
  3. Within this organization, women’s salaries are below those of men.
  4. Cars today consume 20% more energy than those of twenty years ago.
  5. The most stable political systems are those with the toughest and most rigid rulers.
  6. These sudden temperature changes are a product of global warming.
  7. Women over 40 have better eating behaviors than men of the same age.
  8. Consuming 1 liter of water daily improves heart rate.
  9. A reduction in subsidies will generate an economic contraction of 4%.
  10. A body totally or partially submerged in a static fluid will be pushed with a force equal to the weight of the volume of fluid displaced by said object.

Examples of general and everyday hypotheses

  1. Many guitarists are good, but he will surely be the one to win the prize.
  2. When the level of social conflict increases, their political propaganda will no longer work.
  3. If I put in a lot of effort, I can buy a new car.
  4. The player who left the game on a stretcher must have been injured.
  5. The lawyer is convinced of his client’s innocence.
  6. The bus is late, there must have been an accident on the avenue.
  7. Due to the rain, surely many people will not attend today’s concert.
  8. We believe that you are insolvent, so we cannot lend you any more money.
  9. The tree must have fallen in the storm last night.
  10. I think the teacher won’t come today because she is very punctual and hasn’t arrived yet.

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